Cloning of human genes for the good of the progeny Cloning of genes, a process by which a gene can be isolated from all the different genes that exist in an organism, which allows its characterization to be carried out. Molecular cloning is the basis of most genetic engineering procedures and its basic strategy is to move the desired gene from a large and complex genome to a small and simple one. Molecular cloning can be divided into several steps. First, the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from which it starts should be isolated. If it is genomic DNA, it must be previously digested with restriction enzymes to obtain a mixture of fragments of adequate size for cloning. Reverse transcription synthesized DNA (copyed DNA or cDNA) can also be cloned from the messenger RNA population from a cell, or even DNA synthesized by polymerase chain reaction (CPR). The second step is to attach the DNA fragments to a cloning vector with the enzyme DNA ligase. The cloning vectors used are plasmi...